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Compare Cape Verde (2001) - Nigeria (2001)

Compare Cape Verde (2001) z Nigeria (2001)

 Cape Verde (2001)Nigeria (2001)
 Cape VerdeNigeria
Administrative divisions 14 districts (concelhos, singular - concelho); Boa Vista, Brava, Fogo, Maio, Paul, Praia, Porto Novo, Ribeira Grande, Sal, Santa Catarina, Santa Cruz, Sao Nicolau, Sao Vicente, Tarrafal; note - there may be a new administrative structure of 16 districts (Boa Vista, Brava, Maio, Mosteiros, Paul, Praia, Porto Novo, Ribeira Grande, Sal, Santa Catarina, Santa Cruz, Sao Domingos, Sao Nicolau, Sao Filipe, Sao Vicente, Tarrafal) 36 states and 1 territory*; Abia, Abuja Federal Capital Territory*, Adamawa, Akwa Ibom, Anambra, Bauchi, Bayelsa, Benue, Borno, Cross River, Delta, Ebonyi, Edo, Ekiti, Enugu, Gombe, Imo, Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Kogi, Kwara, Lagos, Nassarawa, Niger, Ogun, Ondo, Osun, Oyo, Plateau, Rivers, Sokoto, Taraba, Yobe, Zamfara
Age structure 0-14 years:
42.79% (male 87,458; female 85,895)

15-64 years:
50.76% (male 97,812; female 107,834)

65 years and over:
6.45% (male 10,204; female 15,960) (2001 est.)
0-14 years:
43.71% (male 27,842,225; female 27,514,197)

15-64 years:
53.47% (male 34,456,738; female 33,259,194)

65 years and over:
2.82% (male 1,780,862; female 1,782,410) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products bananas, corn, beans, sweet potatoes, sugarcane, coffee, peanuts; fish cocoa, peanuts, palm oil, corn, rice, sorghum, millet, cassava (tapioca), yams, rubber; cattle, sheep, goats, pigs; timber; fish
Airports 8 (2000) 70 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
8

over 3,047 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
7 (2000)
total:
36

over 3,047 m:
7

2,438 to 3,047 m:
10

1,524 to 2,437 m:
10

914 to 1,523 m:
7

under 914 m:
2 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total:
34

1,524 to 2,437 m:
2

914 to 1,523 m:
14

under 914 m:
18 (2000 est.)
Area total:
4,033 sq km

land:
4,033 sq km

water:
0 sq km
total:
923,768 sq km

land:
910,768 sq km

water:
13,000 sq km
Area - comparative slightly larger than Rhode Island slightly more than twice the size of California
Background The uninhabited islands were discovered and colonized by the Portuguese in the 15th century; they subsequently became a trading center for African slaves. Most Cape Verdeans descend from both groups. Independence was achieved in 1975. Following nearly 16 years of military rule, a new constitution was adopted in 1999 and a peaceful transition to civilian government completed. The new president faces the daunting task of rebuilding a petroleum-based economy, whose revenues have been squandered through corruption and mismanagement, and institutionalizing democracy. In addition, the OBASANJO administration must defuse longstanding ethnic and religious tensions, if it is to build a sound foundation for economic growth and political stability.
Birth rate 28.71 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 39.69 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues:
$188 million

expenditures:
$228 million, including capital expenditures of $116 million (1996)
revenues:
$3.4 billion

expenditures:
$3.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
Capital Praia Abuja; note - on 12 December 1991 the capital was officially transferred from Lagos to Abuja; most federal government offices have now made the move to Abuja
Climate temperate; warm, dry summer; precipitation meager and very erratic varies; equatorial in south, tropical in center, arid in north
Coastline 965 km 853 km
Constitution new constitution came into force 25 September 1992; underwent a major revision on 23 November 1995, substantially increasing the powers of the president NA 1999 new constitution adopted
Country name conventional long form:
Republic of Cape Verde

conventional short form:
Cape Verde

local long form:
Republica de Cabo Verde

local short form:
Cabo Verde
conventional long form:
Federal Republic of Nigeria

conventional short form:
Nigeria
Currency Cape Verdean escudo (CVE) naira (NGN)
Death rate 7.19 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 13.91 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $260 million (2000) $32 billion (2000 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Michael D. METELITS

embassy:
Rua Abilio Macedo 81, Praia

mailing address:
C. P. 201, Praia

telephone:
[238] 61 56 16

FAX:
[238] 61 13 55
chief of mission:
Ambassador Howard Franklin JETER

embassy:
8 Mambilla Drive, Abuja

mailing address:
P. O. Box 554, Lagos

telephone:
[234] (1) 261-0050, -0078

FAX:
[234] (1) 261-0257
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Ferdinand Amilcar Spencer LOPES

chancery:
3415 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007

telephone:
[1] (202) 965-6820

FAX:
[1] (202) 965-1207

consulate(s) general:
Boston
chief of mission:
Ambassador Jibril AMINU

chancery:
1333 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20036

telephone:
[1] (202) 986-8400

FAX:
[1] (202) 775-1385

consulate(s) general:
Atlanta and New York
Disputes - international none delimitation of international boundaries in the vicinity of Lake Chad, the lack of which led to border incidents in the past, has been completed and awaits ratification by Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria; dispute with Cameroon over land and maritime boundaries around the Bakasi Peninsula is currently before the ICJ; tripartite maritime boundary and economic zone dispute with Equatorial Guinea and Cameroon is currently before the ICJ
Economic aid - recipient $111.3 million (1995) ODA $250 million (1998)
Economy - overview Cape Verde's low per capita GDP reflects a poor natural resource base, including serious water shortages exacerbated by cycles of long-term drought. The economy is service-oriented, with commerce, transport, and public services accounting for almost 70% of GDP. Although nearly 70% of the population lives in rural areas, the share of agriculture in GDP in 1998 was only 13%, of which fishing accounts for 1.5%. About 90% of food must be imported. The fishing potential, mostly lobster and tuna, is not fully exploited. Cape Verde annually runs a high trade deficit, financed by foreign aid and remittances from emigrants; remittances constitute a supplement to GDP of more than 20%. Economic reforms, launched by the new democratic government in 1991, are aimed at developing the private sector and attracting foreign investment to diversify the economy. Prospects for 2001 depend heavily on the maintenance of aid flows, remittances, and the momentum of the government's development program. The oil-rich Nigerian economy, long hobbled by political instability, corruption, and poor macroeconomic management, is undergoing substantial economic reform under the new civilian administration. Nigeria's former military rulers failed to diversify the economy away from overdependence on the capital-intensive oil sector, which provides 20% of GDP, 95% of foreign exchange earnings, and about 65% of budgetary revenues. The largely subsistence agricultural sector has failed to keep up with rapid population growth, and Nigeria, once a large net exporter of food, now must import food. Following the signing of an IMF stand-by agreement in August 2000, Nigeria received a debt-restructuring deal from the Paris Club and a $1 billion loan from the IMF, both contingent on economic reforms. Increases in foreign investment and oil production combined with high world oil prices should push growth over 4% in 2001-02.
Electricity - consumption 37.2 million kWh (1999) 17.372 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 19 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 40 million kWh (1999) 18.7 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
fossil fuel:
52.94%

hydro:
47.06%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Mt. Fogo 2,829 m (a volcano on Fogo Island)
lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Chappal Waddi 2,419 m
Environment - current issues overgrazing of livestock and improper land use such as the cultivation of crops on steep slopes has led to soil erosion; demand for wood used as fuel has resulted in deforestation; desertification; environmental damage has threatened several species of birds and reptiles; overfishing soil degradation; rapid deforestation; desertification
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Creole (mulatto) 71%, African 28%, European 1% Nigeria, which is Africa's most populous country, is composed of more than 250 ethnic groups; the following are the most populous and politically influential: Hausa and Fulani 29%, Yoruba 21%, Igbo (Ibo) 18%, Ijaw 10%, Kanuri 4%, Ibibio 3.5%, Tiv 2.5%
Exchange rates Cape Verdean escudos per US dollar - 123.080 (December 2000), 115.877 (2000), 102.700 (1999), 98.158 (1998), 93.177 (1997), 82.591 (1996) nairas per US dollar - 110.005 (January 2001), 101.697 (2000), 92.338 (1999), 21.886 (1998), 21.886 (1997), 21.884 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state:
President Pedro PIRES (since 22 March 2001)

head of government:
Prime Minister Jose Maria Pereira NEVES (since 1 February 1991)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister from among the members of the National Assembly

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 11 and 25 February 2001 (next to be held NA February 2006); prime minister nominated by the National Assembly and appointed by the president

election results:
Pedro PIRES elected president; percent of vote - Pedro PIRES (PAICV) 49.43%, Carlos VIEGA (MPD) 49.42%; note: the election was won by only twelve votes
chief of state:
President Olusegun OBASANJO (since 29 May 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
President Olusegun OBASANJO (since 29 May 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
Federal Executive Council

elections:
president is elected by popular vote for no more than two four-year terms; election last held 27 February 1999 (next to be held NA 2003)

election results:
Olusegun OBASANJO elected president; percent of vote - Olusegun OBASANJO (PDP) 62.8%, Olu FALAE (APP-AD) 37.2%
Exports $40 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.) $22.2 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Exports - commodities fuel, shoes, garments, fish, bananas, hides petroleum and petroleum products 95%, cocoa, rubber
Exports - partners Portugal, UK, Germany, Spain, France, Malaysia US 36%, India 9%, Spain 8%, Brazil 6%, France 6%, (1999)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description three horizontal bands of light blue (top, double width), white (with a horizontal red stripe in the middle third), and light blue; a circle of 10 yellow five-pointed stars is centered on the hoist end of the red stripe and extends into the upper and lower blue bands three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green
GDP purchasing power parity - $670 million (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $117 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
13%

industry:
19%

services:
68% (1998)
agriculture:
40%

industry:
40%

services:
20% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $1,700 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $950 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 6% (2000 est.) 3.5% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 16 00 N, 24 00 W 10 00 N, 8 00 E
Geography - note strategic location 500 km from west coast of Africa near major north-south sea routes; important communications station; important sea and air refueling site -
Heliports - 1 (2000 est.)
Highways total:
1,100 km

paved:
858 km

unpaved:
242 km (1996)
total:
194,394 km

paved:
60,068 km (including 1,194 km of expressways)

unpaved:
134,326 km

note:
many of the roads reported as paved may be graveled; because of poor maintenance and years of heavy freight traffic - in part the result of the failure of the railroad system - much of the road system is barely usable (1997)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%:
1.6%

highest 10%:
40.8% (1996-97)
Illicit drugs used as a transshipment point for illicit drugs moving from Latin America and Africa destined for Western Europe facilitates movement of heroin en route from Southeast and Southwest Asia to Western Europe and North America; increasingly a transit route for cocaine from South America intended for European, East Asian, and North American markets
Imports $250 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.) $10.7 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Imports - commodities foodstuffs, industrial products, transport equipment, fuels machinery, chemicals, transport equipment, manufactured goods, food and live animals
Imports - partners Portugal, Netherlands, France, UK, Spain, US UK 11%, Germany 10%, US 9%, France 8%, China 6% (1999)
Independence 5 July 1975 (from Portugal) 1 October 1960 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate NA% 1.5% (2000 est.)
Industries food and beverages, fish processing, shoes and garments, salt mining, ship repair crude oil, coal, tin, columbite, palm oil, peanuts, cotton, rubber, wood, hides and skins, textiles, cement and other construction materials, food products, footwear, chemicals, fertilizer, printing, ceramics, steel
Infant mortality rate 53.22 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) 73.34 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 4% (2000) 6.5% (2000 est.)
International organization participation ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CCC, ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNTAET, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO (observer) ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, G-15, G-19, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, MINURSO, MONUC, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNITAR, UNMEE, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNMOP, UNMOT, UNTAET, UNU, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) 11 (2000)
Irrigated land 1,500 to 2,000 hectares (1999) 9,570 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Tribunal of Justice or Supremo Tribunal de Justia Supreme Court (judges appointed by the Provisional Ruling Council); Federal Court of Appeal (judges are appointed by the federal government on the advice of the Advisory Judicial Committee)
Labor force NA 66 million (1999 est.)
Labor force - by occupation - agriculture 70%, industry 10%, services 20% (1999 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km total:
4,047 km

border countries:
Benin 773 km, Cameroon 1,690 km, Chad 87 km, Niger 1,497 km
Land use arable land:
11%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
6%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
83% (1993 est.)
arable land:
33%

permanent crops:
3%

permanent pastures:
44%

forests and woodland:
12%

other:
8% (1993 est.)
Languages Portuguese, Crioulo (a blend of Portuguese and West African words) English (official), Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo (Ibo), Fulani
Legal system derived from the legal system of Portugal based on English common law, Islamic Shariah law (only in some northern states), and traditional law
Legislative branch unicameral National Assembly or Assembleia Nacional (72 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 14 January 2001 (next to be held NA December 2005)

election results:
percent of vote by party - PAICV 47.3%, MPD 39.8%, ADM 6%, other 6.9%; seats by party - PAICV 40, MPD 30, ADM 2
bicameral National Assembly consists of Senate (109 seats, three from each state and one from the Federal Capital Territory; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) and House of Representatives (360 seats, members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)

elections:
Senate - last held 20-24 February 1999 (next to be held NA 2003); House of Representatives - last held 20-24 February 1999 (next to be held NA 2003)

election results:
Senate - percent of vote by party - PDP 58%, APP 23%, AD 19%; seats by party - PDP 67, APP 23, AD 19; House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - PDP 58%, APP 30%, AD 12%; seats by party - PDP 221, APP 70, AD 69
Life expectancy at birth total population:
69.21 years

male:
65.93 years

female:
72.6 years (2001 est.)
total population:
51.07 years

male:
51.07 years

female:
51.07 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
71.6%

male:
81.4%

female:
63.8% (1995 est.)
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
57.1%

male:
67.3%

female:
47.3% (1995 est.)
Location Western Africa, group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Senegal Western Africa, bordering the Gulf of Guinea, between Benin and Cameroon
Map references World Africa
Maritime claims measured from claimed archipelagic baselines

contiguous zone:
24 NM

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
continental shelf:
200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine total:
5 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 9,523 GRT/11,798 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 4, chemical tanker 1 (2000 est.)
total:
41 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 357,372 GRT/636,254 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 1, cargo 10, chemical tanker 4, petroleum tanker 24, roll on/roll off 1, specialized tanker 1 (2000 est.)
Military branches Army, Coast Guard/Marines Army, Navy, Air Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure $4 million (FY96) $360 million (FY00)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 1.8% (FY96) 10% (FY00)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
89,543 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49:
29,940,922 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
50,615 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49:
17,201,367 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 18 years of age
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males:
1,375,112 (2001 est.)
National holiday Independence Day, 5 July (1975) Independence Day, 1 October (1960)
Nationality noun:
Cape Verdean(s)

adjective:
Cape Verdean
noun:
Nigerian(s)

adjective:
Nigerian
Natural hazards prolonged droughts; harmattan wind can obscure visibility; volcanically and seismically active periodic droughts
Natural resources salt, basalt rock, pozzuolana (a siliceous volcanic ash used to produce hydraulic cement), limestone, kaolin, fish natural gas, petroleum, tin, columbite, iron ore, coal, limestone, lead, zinc, arable land
Net migration rate -12.37 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) 0.28 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Pipelines - crude oil 2,042 km; petroleum products 3,000 km; natural gas 500 km
Political parties and leaders African Party for Independence of Cape Verde or PAICV [Jose Maria NEVES, chairman]; Democratic Alliance for Change or ADM [Dr. Eurico MONTEIRO] (a coalition of PCD, PTS, and UCID); Democratic Renovation Party or PRD [Jacinto SANTOS, president]; Movement for Democracy or MPD [Antonio Gualberto do ROSARIO, president]; Party for Democratic Convergence or PCD [Dr. Eurico MONTEIRO, president]; Party of Work and Solidarity or PTS [Dr. Oresimo SILVEIRA, president]; Social Democratic Party or PSD [Joao ALEM, president]; Union for an Independent Democratic Cape Verde or UCID [Antonio MONTEIRO, president] All People's Party or APP [Alhaji Yusuf ALI]; Alliance for Democracy or AD [contested between Yusuf MAMMAN and Alhasi Adamu ABDULKADIR]; People's Democratic Party or PDP [Barnabas GEMADE]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA NA
Population 405,163 (July 2001 est.) 126,635,626

note:
estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% 45% (2000 est.)
Population growth rate 0.92% (2001 est.) 2.61% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Mindelo, Praia, Tarrafal Calabar, Lagos, Onne, Port Harcourt, Sapele, Warri
Radio broadcast stations AM 0, FM 11 (and 14 repeaters), shortwave 0 (1998) AM 82, FM 35, shortwave 11 (1998)
Radios 73,000 (1997) 23.5 million (1997)
Railways 0 km total:
3,557 km

narrow gauge:
3,505 km 1.067-m gauge

standard gauge:
52 km 1.435-m gauge

note:
years of neglect of both the rolling stock and the right-of-way have seriously reduced the capacity and utility of the system; a project to restore Nigeria's railways is now underway
Religions Roman Catholic (infused with indigenous beliefs); Protestant (mostly Church of the Nazarene) Muslim 50%, Christian 40%, indigenous beliefs 10%
Sex ratio at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.02 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.91 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.64 male(s)/female

total population:
0.93 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.01 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
1 male(s)/female

total population:
1.02 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
effective system, being improved

domestic:
interisland microwave radio relay system with both analog and digital exchanges; work is in progress on a submarine fiber-optic cable system which was scheduled for completion in 1998

international:
2 coaxial submarine cables; HF radiotelephone to Senegal and Guinea-Bissau; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
general assessment:
an inadequate system, further limited by poor maintenance; major expansion is required and a start has been made

domestic:
intercity traffic is carried by coaxial cable, microwave radio relay, a domestic communications satellite system with 19 earth stations, and a coastal submarine cable; mobile cellular facilities and the Internet are available

international:
satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (2 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean); coaxial submarine cable SAFE (South African Far East)
Telephones - main lines in use 45,644 (2000) 500,000 (2000)
Telephones - mobile cellular 19,729 (1997) 26,700 (1997)
Television broadcast stations 1 (1997) 2 government-controlled; note - in addition, in 1993, 14 licenses to operate private television stations were granted (1999)
Terrain steep, rugged, rocky, volcanic southern lowlands merge into central hills and plateaus; mountains in southeast, plains in north
Total fertility rate 4.05 children born/woman (2001 est.) 5.57 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 24% (1999 est.) 28% (1992 est.)
Waterways none 8,575 km

note:
consisting of the Niger and Benue rivers and smaller rivers and creeks
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